全方位加强国家粮食供给保障

Strengthening National Grain Supply Security in All Aspects

保障国家粮食安全要在坚持稳定发展生产的基础上,围绕国内粮食流通和国际粮食贸易切实加强供应保障。当前,我国粮食储备规模实现较高保障水平,但储备网络仍需优化完善,储存环节的损耗较大;在粮食运输中,粮食铁路与水路调运的问题突出,跨区域运粮的线路布局有待优化,运输环节的低损耗率仍需保持;在粮食进口中,仍需特别关注气候变化、俄乌冲突、持续通胀等风险挑战对粮食进口规模、价格和来源的影响。为进一步增强粮食供应保障能力,未来深化粮食流通体制和贸易机制改革的重点是,持续健全多层次的粮食储备网络,提高粮食储备运营管理监管水平,加大粮食物流基础设施投资力度,优化粮食关键物流通道节点布局,持续构建多元化的粮食进口格局,切实加强粮食进口价格风险管理。

To ensure national grain security,it is necessary to stabilize the development of production and effectively strengthen the security of supply by focusing on domestic grain circulation and international grain trade.Currently,China’s grain reserves have achieved a relatively high level of security,but the reserve network still needs to be optimized and improved,resulting in significant losses in the storage process.In terms of grain transportation,the problems of railway and water transportation are prominent,and the layout of cross-regional grain transportation routes needs to be optimized,while the low loss rate in transportation still needs to be maintained.In terms of grain import,it is still necessary to pay special attention to the impact of climate change,Russia-Ukraine conflict,sustained inflation and other risks and challenges on the scale,price,and sources of grain import.To further enhance the capacity for grain supply guarantee,the key to deepening reform of the grain circulation system and trade mechanism in the future is to continuously improve the multi-level grain reserve network,strengthen the supervision and management of grain reserve operations,increase investment in grain logistics infrastructure,optimize the layout of key grain logistics channels,continuously build a diversified grain import pattern,and effectively strengthen the management of grain import price risks.