复合式训练对飞行学员肌力及旋梯旋转耐受的影响

Effects of compound training on muscle strength and spin ladder rotation endurance of flight cadets

目的针对有运动训练基础的飞行学员肌力和旋梯旋转耐受提高训练效果差问题,研究不同体能训练方案对促进肌力和旋梯旋转耐受的影响。方法216名男性飞行学员作为被试,随机分为实验组(n=108)和对照组(n=108),采用为期12周的复合式体能训练(实验组)和传统体能训练(对照组),在干预实验前、中期(4、8周)以及后期(12周)进行肌力测试和旋梯旋转耐受测试。结果干预训练后,实验组和对照组上肢后拉、前推,左、右下肢最大肌力平均最大增长幅度分别为19.9%、18.0%,32.8%、33.2%和3.8%、2.1%,11.8%、12.1%,两组增长幅度差异显著(P<0.01);实验组和对照组上、下肢爆发力平均最大提高幅度为29.4%、12.7%和17.4%、2.9%,两组提高幅度显著差异(P<0.05);两组躯干前屈、后展最大肌力平均最大提高幅度无显著差异;实验组、对照组旋梯旋转速度平均最大提高幅度分别为29%、15%,两组提升幅度差异显著(P<0.01);实验组、对照组旋梯推算过载耐受平均最大提高幅度分别为82%、36%,两组提升幅度差异非常显著(P<0.01);各项测试数据均在8周训练结束后趋近于最大值。结论复合式训练方案对提高有训练基础飞行学员上、下肢最大肌力和爆发力、旋梯旋转耐受能力显著优于传统训练方案。

Objective Aiming at the poor effect of improving muscle strength and spin ladder rotation endurance of flight cadets with sports training foundation,this paper studied the effects of different physical training schemes on promoting muscle strength and spin ladder rotation endurance.Methods A total of 216 male flight cadets were randomly divided into experimental group(n=108) and control group(n=108).They were trained with compound physical training(experimental group) and traditional physical training(control group) for 12 weeks.Before,during(4,8 weeks) and after(12 weeks) the intervention experiment,they were tested for muscle strength and spin ladder rotation endurance.Results After the intervention training,the maximum muscle strength of the upper limbs when they were pulled back and pushed forward,and the maximum muscle strength of the left and right lower limbs averagely increased by 19.9%,18.0%,32.8% and 33.2% in the experimental group,and 3.8%,2.1%,11.8% and 12.1% in the control group,with significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01).The explosive force of upper and lower limbs was averagely increased by 29.4% and 12.7% in the experimental group and 17.4% and 2.9% in the control group,with significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the average increase in maximum muscle strength between forward flexion and backward extension of the trunk between the two groups.In the experimental group and the control group,the average maximum increase of the rotating speed of spin ladder was 29% and 15%,respectively,with significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01).The average maximum increase of the calculated overload endurance of the spin ladder was 82% and 36%,respectively,with significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01).All the test data approached the maximum value after 8 weeks of training.Conclusion The compound training scheme is significantly superior to the traditional training scheme in improving the maximum muscle strength and explosive force of upper and lower limbs and the spin ladder rotation endurance of flight cadets with training foundation.