垂直弹射系统中缓冲及反后坐效应的建模方法

Modelling Method of Buffer and Anti-Recoil Effects in Vertical Ejection Systems

针对垂直弹射过程中,由缓冲以及弹射后坐引发的对发射性能与阵地产生的负面影响问题,从缓冲吸能角度,提出按缓冲器的塑性应变能-压缩量关系曲线拟合并求导解算缓冲力-压缩量关系模型的方法,有效规避了缓冲力波动所造成的拟合漂移问题,并据此构造了模拟缓冲器的线弹性-塑性弹簧模型;依据弹射试验数据,反演了反后坐效应的动态数据,据此构造了模拟反后坐效应的非线性粘弹性-塑性弹簧模型;通过力元、状态变量及牛顿迭代法的有机结合,在动力学模型中实现了上述二模型的高效解算。仿真结果表明:两模型计算稳定高效且缓冲特性与有限元仿真结果高度吻合、反后坐效应和试验数据符合良好,这验证了数据处理方法的有效性和建模方法的可信性,为后续含缓冲和反后坐效应的弹射动力学仿真提供了一种稳定而又可信的建模思路。

Aiming at the negative effects on launch performance and position caused by buffering and ejection recoil in the process of vertical ejection,a method was proposed to calculate the buffer force-compression relation model according to the plastic strain energy-compression relation curve of the buffer,which could effectively avoid the fitting drift caused by the fluctuation of buffer force.Based on this,a linear elastic-plastic spring model for simulating buffers was constructed.Based on the ejection experimental data,the dynamic data of anti-recoil effect were inverted,based on which a nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic spring model was constructed to simulate the anti-recoil effect.By combining force elements,state variables and the Newton iteration method,effective solutions were achieved for the aforementioned models in a dynamic model.The simulation results show that the calculation of the two models are stable and efficient as the buffering characteristics are highly consistent with the finite element simulation results,and the anti-recoil effect is in good agreement with the experimental data,which verifies the effectiveness of the data processing method and the credibility of the modeling method.It provides a stable and credible modeling idea for subsequent ejection dynamics simulation with buffering and anti-recoil effects.