GNSS导航定位在石油物探中的应用探讨

Discussion on the application of GNSS navigation and positioning in petroleum geophysical exploration

在石油物探中,RTK测量方式一直是卫星导航定位的主要测量方式,但随着物探采集高效作业和勘探地形的复杂,RTK测量方式已影响到物探采集高效作业。GNSS伪距单点定位、PPK的应用,为石油物探的导航定位提供了一种全新的方式。为此本文详细介绍了北斗卫星导航系统以及北斗三号新增功能,将石油物探测量分离为放样和测量,重点介绍伪距单点定位的导航精度,通过原理和大量的数据验证了GNSS伪距单点定位的导航精度可用于石油物探物理点的放样。提出PPK+技术,采用伪距单点定位和北斗PPP-B2b作为物理点放样方式,PPK作为物理点测量方式。

In petroleum geophysical exploration,RTK measurement has always been the main measurement method of satellite navigation and positioning.However,with the efficient operation of geophysical exploration acquisition and the complexity of exploration terrain,RTK measurement has affected the efficient operation of geophysical exploration acquisition.The application of GNSS pseudo range single point positioning,PPK+technology and Beidou PPP(Precise Point Position)provides a new way for navigation and positioning of petroleum geophysical exploration.Therefore,this paper introduces the Beidou satellite navigation system and the new functions of beidou-3 in detail.It separates the petroleum geophysical survey into setting out and measurement,and focuses on the navigation accuracy of pseudo range single point positioning.Through the principle and a large number of data,it is verified that the navigation accuracy of GNSS pseudo range single point positioning is less than 1.5 m in the unobstructed area and less than 2 m in the difficult area,which can be used for the setting out of petroleum geophysical physical points.The external coincidence accuracy of Beidou PPP under good observation conditions is tested.The plane average is 0.091 m and the elevation average is 0.169 M;PPK+technology is proposed.Pseudo range single point positioning and Beidou PPP-B2b are used as physical point setting out method,and PPK is used as physical point measurement method.The change of operation mode requires the surveyors to have higher professional skills.At the same time,it can improve the collection efficiency of geophysical exploration and reduce the collection cost.