颈静脉球解剖异常的临床意义

Clinical significance of anatomic abnormality of jugular bulb

颈静脉球解剖异常形式多样,以颈静脉球高位多见,其发生率由于临床分类标准不一差异性较大。颈静脉球解剖异常大多表现为无症状患者,因此临床重视程度较低。但其为颞骨岩部最常见的血管异常,容易因忽视而在中耳、内耳及侧颅底手术中出现术中致命性大出血。颈静脉球解剖异常有症状患者表现多变,容易被其他具有相同症状的疾病所掩盖。因此对颈静脉球解剖异常的临床症状、诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗进行相关综述,以加深对颈静脉解剖异常的认识,对减少临床重大并发症的发生提供参考。

There are various types of anatomic abnormality of jugular bulb.High jugular bulb is one of the most common anatomical variations.A probability of occurrence is diversity due to different criteria of clinical classification.Anatomic abnormality of jugular bulb can always be ignored in clinic since most of patients with high jugular bulb are asymptomatic.However,it is the most common vascular anomaly of the petrous temporal bone.It is easy to cause fatal intraoperative hemorrhage in middle ear,inner ear and lateral skull base surgery due to neglect.Its symptoms were changeable and easily masked by other diseases.Therefore,it is more important to review the clinical symptoms,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment of jugular bulb anomaly to deepen physician understanding and reduce the occurrence of major clinic complications.