受欺诈婚姻的法律适用研究

Study on the Legal Application of Fraudulent Marriages

我国有关受欺诈婚姻的独特立法构造致使受欺诈婚姻在法律适用中存在着解释论的难题。受欺诈婚姻从民法体系来看属于一般欺诈法律行为的特殊情形,从受欺诈婚姻理论、受欺诈婚姻的替代救济以及受欺诈婚姻的现实需求出发,受欺诈婚姻存在适用民事法律行为规范的空间。在适用法律行为的规范时,身份法基本原则体现出来的价值共识是解释婚姻实质的归依,意思表示自由与欺诈行为的实质影响是认定受欺诈婚姻的双重评价标准。受欺诈方配偶可以主张撤销婚姻,但欺诈行为对婚姻的实质影响消失后,受欺诈婚姻的效力得以补正。

The unique legislative structure of China regarding fraudulent marriages has resulted in the existence of interpretative difficulties in the application of the law to fraudulent marriages.Fraudulent marriage from the civil law system belongs to the special circumstances of the general fraudulent legal acts,from the theory,alternative remedies and the reality of the demand of the fraudulent marriage,there is a space for the application of civil legal behavior norms.In the application of the norms of the legal act,the value embodied in the basic principles of identity law is to explain the essence of the marriage,moreover,the freedom of expression and the substantive impact of fraud are the dual evaluation criteria when recognizing a fraudulent marriage.The defrauded spouse may claim annulment of the marriage,but the effects of the defrauded marriage are rectified when the material effect of the fraudulent act on the marriage disappears.