湿球黑球温度指数在高温环境气象因素监测中的研究及应用

Research and application of wet bulb globe temperature index in monitoring meteorological factors in high-temperature environment

近年来,全球变暖导致高温天气频发,长期暴露在高温环境中的职业作业人员受气温、气湿、气流和热辐射等气象因素的综合影响很容易出现热伤亡。为加强高温作业人员的卫生保障,需对高温环境热强度进行实时监测以指导高温作业。湿球黑球温度(WBGT)指数考虑了温度、湿度、风速及热辐射等气象因素的影响,较单一热环境影响因素可以更科学地评估环境热强度,进而指导多群体高温作业。本文阐述了WBGT指数的起源发展及国内外有关WBGT指数的技术研究和应用现状,并提出了未来我国基于WBGT指数攻关技术的可能发展方向。

In recent years,global warming has led to frequent high temperature weather,and occupational groups who have been exposed to high-temperature environment for a long time are vulnerable to heat casualties due to the combined impact from multiple meteorological factors(temperature,humidity,wind speed,and thermal radiation).In order to strengthen the health support for high-temperature workers,it is necessary to monitor the environment heat intensity of high-temperature environment in real time to guide relevant actions.Wet bulb globe temperature(WBGT)index takes into account multiple meteorological factors such as temperature,humidity,wind speed,and thermal radiation,and can more scientifically evaluate the environment heat intensity than individual thermal environment factors,thus guiding high-temperature operations for multiple working populations.This paper summarized the origin and development of WBGT index and its research and application status at home and abroad,and proposed possible development directions of the key technologies based on the WBGT index in China in the future.