考虑箱流中转的高速铁路快捷货物运输方案优化

Optimization of Express Freight Transportation Plan with High Speed Railway Considering the Box Flow Transfer

为充分发挥高铁干线运输能力及溢出效应,采用高速铁路载客动车组捎带模式,以时变箱流需求为导向,旨在对考虑箱流中转情形下的高速铁路快捷货物运输方案进行优化。基于既有列车运行图,在生成列车接续关系矩阵的基础上构建运输方案优化模型,以快运箱总运达时间最短为目标,考虑箱流守恒、列车装载能力、箱流中转等约束。基于模型特性,设计模拟退火算法求解,在生成初始解的基础上,设计以消解违背列车能力约束冲突为核心的可行化算法。以宁杭高速铁路为背景验证模型及算法的有效性。结果表明,与不考虑箱流中转情形相比,该模型所得运输方案无快运箱滞留且列车平均满载率提升14%。此外,合理地估算列车装载能力对于获得较好的箱流运输方案具有重要作用。

In order to make full use of the transport capacity and spillover effect of high speed railway trunk lines,this paper adopted the piggyback mode of high speed railway passenger EMUs,guided by the time-varying demand of box flows.The aim is to optimize the demand allocation for express delivery boxes while considering the transfer of such boxes.Based on the existing train timetable,this paper constrcuted an optimization model for the transport plan after establishing the train connection matrix.The model aimed to minimize the total travel time for express boxes,while accounting for constraints such as box flow conservation,train carrying capacity,and express box transfers.This paper designed a simulated annealing algorithm based on the characteristics of the model.Following the generation of an initial solution,a feasible algorithm was designed with the core purpose of resolving conflicts related to train capacity contraints.Finally,the effectiveness of the model and algorithms was further verified through numerical experiments,using the Nanjing-Hangzhou high speed railway as an illustrative example.The results show that the transportation plan derived from this model can eliminate express box delays and increase the average train load rate by 14%compared with the model that does not consider the transfer of express boxes.In addition,the reasonable estimation of train load capacity is important to obtain the optimal transport plan.