1~6岁儿童饮食行为问题与喂养行为的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of dietary behavior problems and feeding behavior in children aged 1-6 years old

目的调查分析1~6岁儿童饮食行为问题与喂养行为,为科学喂养提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样法选取2022年1月至6月于安顺市妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊健康体检的732名1~6岁儿童为研究对象,对家长进行问卷调查,分析儿童的饮食行为问题与喂养行为。结果有272名儿童存在饮食行为问题,检出率为37.16%,1~<2岁、2~<3岁、3~6岁饮食行为问题的检出率分别为26.71%、51.55%、40.80%。儿童饮食行为问题中,挑食、偏食、厌食占比为66.18%;用道具进餐占比为64.34%,溺爱型喂养态度占比为52.94%,添加食物品种单一占比为62.13%,认为稀饭、汤泡饭等最适合儿童的家长占比为61.40%;不知道正确有效的行为矫治方法的家长占比为65.44%。结论儿童饮食行为问题检出率较高,应加强膳食营养管理、营养技能指导、行为矫治干预及健康教育,从而形成良好的饮食行为。

Objective To investigate and analyze the dietary behavior problems and feeding behavior in children aged 1-6 years old,and provide the basis for scientific feeding.Methods A total of 732 children aged 1-6 years old who underwent physical examinations in Anshun Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January to June 2022 were selected by the stratified cluster sampling method.The parents were surveyed with a questionnaire to analyze the children’s dietary behavior problems and feeding behavior.Results There were 272 children had dietary behavior problems,the detection rate was 37.16%,the detection rate of dietary behavior problems at 1-<2 years old,2-<3 years old and 3~6 years old were 26.71%,51.55% and 40.80%,respectively.Among the children’s dietary behavior problems,the proportion of picky food,partial food and anorexia was 66.18%.The proportion of eating with props was 64.34%,drowning type feeding attitude accounted for 52.94%,the proportion of single food varieties was 62.13%,61.40% of the parents thought that porridge and rice with soup were the most suitable for children,and the proportion of parents who did not know the correct and effective behavior correction method was 65.44%.Conclusion The detection rate of dietary behavior problems in children is high.It is necessary to strengthen dietary nutrition management,nutrition skill guidance,behavior correction intervention and health education,so as to form a good dietary behavior.