mTOR经由自噬途径对骨质疏松的作用影响

The effect of mTOR on osteoporosis through autophagy pathway

哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是一种高度保守的激酶,通过感知和整合细胞环境中的信号来调节生物生长、体内平衡,并在许多细胞的生长过程中发挥着关键作用。自噬是真核生物进化中高度保守的细胞内物质分解代谢物质循环过程。近年来,遗传学和功能研究表明,mTOR通过自噬途径在骨稳态调节中起着重要作用。作为PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路的核心环节,mTOR的激活或抑制对骨髓间充质干细胞/成骨细胞介导的骨形成、成脂分化,以及破骨细胞介导的骨吸收均具有正/负向调节作用。鉴于mTOR在自噬中对骨稳态的重要调控作用,该文就mTOR和自噬与骨稳态之间的联系进行综述,探讨mTOR在骨质疏松中的治疗潜力,以期望为骨质疏松症的治疗提供新的治疗靶点。

The mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)is a highly conserved kinase that regulates biological growth and homeostasis by sensing and integrating signals from the cellular environment,playing a crucial role in the growth processes of many cells.Autophagy is a highly conserved process of substance degradation and recycling in eukaryotes.Recent genetic and functional studies have shown that mTOR plays an important regulatory role in bone homeostasis through the autophagy pathway.As a key component of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,the activation or inhibition of mTOR has both positive and negative regulatory effects on bone formation mediated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells/osteoclasts.Given the significant regulatory role of mTOR in autophagy in bone homeostasis,this article provides a comprehensive review of the relationship between mTOR,autophagy,and bone homeostasis,and explores the therapeutic potential of mTOR in osteoporosis,and hopes to provide new insights and approaches for the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis.