社区老年友好程度与老年人认知功能的相关性研究

Association between age-friendliness of communities and cognitive function among older adults

目的探究社区老年友好程度与老年人认知功能之间的相关性,为健康老龄化建设提供科学依据。方法2022年4—7月以浙江省杭州市、宁波市、丽水市的中心城区和郊区/农村地区5940名65岁及以上常住居民为研究对象。通过横断面调查,了解研究对象的个人基本信息,分别采用老年友好型社区(AFC)评估量表和8条目痴呆筛查(AD8)问卷评估研究对象的社区老年友好程度和认知功能。采用多因素logistic回归分析研究老年人认知功能障碍的危险因素以及社区老年友好程度与老年人认知功能之间的相关性。结果本研究共调查6000人次,共回收有效问卷5940份。二元logistic回归分析结果显示AFC中住宅环境、交通环境、社区环境、社会包容评分均是发生认知功能障碍的影响因素(P<0.05),OR(95%CI)分别为0.924(0.877~0.973)、0.925(0.875~0.978)、0.946(0.895~0.999)、0.927(0.876~0.982)。结论AFC中住宅环境、交通环境、社区环境、社会包容评分低是发生认知功能障碍的独立危险因素,提高社区老年友好程度的措施对于提升老年人认知功能水平有一定的帮助。

Objective To investigate the association between age-friendliness of communities(AFC)and cognitive function in the elderly and provide scientific basis for the construction of healthy aging.Methods A total of 5940 permanent residents aged 65 and over in urban and suburban/rural areas in Hangzhou,Ningbo and Lishui of Zhejiang Province were studied from April 2022 to July 2022.A cross-sectional survey was used to collect basic personal information of the subjects,and the community age-friendliness and cognitive function of the subjects were assessed using the AFC rating scale and the 8-item dementia ascertainment(AD8)scale respectively.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for cognitive dysfunction and the association between AFC and cognitive function in older people.Results A total of 6000 people were screened and a total of 5940 valid questionnaires were collected.The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the scores of residential environment,transport environment,community environment and social inclusion were influencing factors for cognitive dysfunction(P<0.05),OR(95%CI)were 0.924(0.877-0.973),0.925(0.875-0.978),0.946(0.895-0.999)and 0.927(0.876-0.982)respectively.Conclusion Poor residential environment,transport,community and social inclusion environments are independent risk factors for cognitive impairment.The measures to improve the degree of age-friendly community are helpful in improving cognitive function.