美国《学前教育年鉴》监测指标体系的构建及启示

The Establishment and Implication of Monitoring IndicatorSystem of the US“State Preschool Yearbook”

美国国家早期教育研究所连续二十年发布的各州《学前教育年鉴》是学前教育监测的典范,其中的监测指标体系成为州政府科学决策的重要依据。追求公平优质、服务政府决策是其价值追求与目标定位,“普及程度”“质量基准”“资源支持”是其三大监测维度。该监测指标体系兼具可观测性、可改进性和相对稳定性的特点,以整合性与科学性为原则构建证据驱动的区域质量监测数据库以体现其创新性。借鉴其经验对我国学前教育监测工作提出建议:在监测指标中设立标准体系,并通过标准体系的动态上调引领各地政府设定学前教育质量提升新目标;在指标体系构建中将普及、质量和保障指标科学整合;以可持续发展为核心,科学筛选反映学前教育质量的关键监测指标;汇聚第三方科研力量共同研制适宜于我国学前教育事业发展现状和未来预测的决策模型。

The National Institute for Early Education Research(NIEER)has released the world renowned“State Preschool Yearbook”for consecutively 20 years,in which the monitoring indicator system has become an important source for making policy decisions.Taking“access,quality and resources”as the 3 key domains,and“observable,improved and stable”as the 3 characteristics,the monitoring system aims at pursuing the core values of equity,high quality,and accountability.The paper suggested building a flexible standard system to guide governments to upgrade preschool education quality,integrating access,quality,and resources in a comprehensive way,screening sensitive indicators that closely related to the changing quality,and jointly developing a sustainable decision-making model by inviting the third-party research sectors to work together.