环状RNA在病原感染中的作用机制研究进展

Progress on the Mechanisms of CircRNA in Pathogenic Infections

环状RNA(circRNA)是一类缺乏5′和3′游离末端的共价闭合非编码RNA,在真核细胞中高度保守且普遍存在。与线性RNA相比,环状RNA对RNase R不敏感,在细胞中更稳定存在。同时,环状RNA可作为连接非编码RNA和mRNA的重要桥梁,通过多种机制调控各种生理、病理过程。近年来许多研究表明了环状RNA在病毒、细菌等病原微生物感染中的作用机制,环状RNA可作为感染性疾病诊断及预后的分子生物标志,在感染性疾病的治疗与防控中发挥重要作用。论文就环状RNA的生物学功能及其在病原感染中的作用进行综述,以期为深入研究感染性疾病的致病机制,制定有效的防控措施提供参考。

Circular RNA(circRNA)is a class of covalently closed non-coding RNA lacking 5′and 3′free ends,which is highly conserved and widely found in eukaryotic cells.Compared with linear RNA,circRNA is more stable in cells and more resistant to RNase R.Additionally,circRNA can engage in the regulation of several physiological and pathological processes by acting as a crucial link between non-coding RNA and mRNA.In recent years,an increasing number of studies have revealed the roles and mechanisms of circRNA in the infections of pathogenic microorganisms(e.g.viruses and bacteria),and circRNA can be used as a molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of infectious diseases,which is important for the treatment,prevention,and control of infectious diseases.This review summarizes the biological functions of circRNA and its roles in pathogenic infections,and provides a reference for further research on the pathogenic mechanisms and implementing control strategies of infectious diseases.