藻类或成为新的N_(2)O源和汇

Algae as a New Source or Sink of Nitrous Oxide

氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)是一种重要的温室气体,对臭氧层具有破坏作用。在微藻培养过程中以及富营养化湖泊等以微藻为基础的生态系统中,已经观察到N_(2)O的排放。然而,对于藻类中N_(2)O收支平衡的重要作用以及潜在的藻类N_(2)O产生途径却鲜有报道。综述了近年来藻类排放和吸收N_(2)O的相关研究,主要内容包括藻类与N_(2)O关系研究的发展历程、N_(2)O在藻类体内产生和消耗的几种可能途径、藻类微环境对N_(2)O分布格局的影响及其潜在的对全球气候变化的影响。鉴于政府间气候变化专门委员会目前没有考虑藻类水华或藻类养殖期间可能产生N_(2)O排放,呼吁在全球范围内加强藻类N_(2)O生产相关的实验研究,为全面理清藻类在N_(2)O排放和吸收中的重要作用,全面评估水生生态系统温室气体排放提供支撑。

N_(2)O is an important greenhouse gas that also damages the ozone layer.N_(2)O emissions have been observed during microalgae cultivation and in microalgae-based ecosystems,such as eutrophic lakes.However,little has been reported on the important role of the N_(2)O balance in algae and the potential algal N_(2)O production pathways.A review of recent relevant studies on N_(2)O synthesis and fixation by algae shows that the studies mainly focus on the relationship between algae and N_(2)O emissions,several possible pathways of N_(2)O production and consumption in algae,the influence of the algal microenvironment on the distribution pattern of N_(2)O,and the potential impacts on global climate change.However,the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change currently does not consider the possible N_(2)O emissions during algal blooms or algal aquaculture;hence,it is necessary to intensify experimental studies related to algal N_(2)O production globally to take important steps towards a comprehensive clarification of the important roles of algae in N_(2)O emission and fixation and a comprehensive assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from aquatic ecosystems.