论“行事”的叙事意义——一个探索“借人物的动作来表达”的叙事活动的特别视角

The Narrative Significance of"Action":A Special Perspective Exploring the Narrative Activity in"Expression via Characters'Action"

“借人物的动作来表达”的人物行动具有某种影像符号的表意特征。人物行动展开要有一定的合理性和目的性。参与到每一人物自身行动意图表达的那些叙事行为,它们出现在叙事活动中有其必然性。为了实现某种叙事意图而让不同人物行动发生链接的那些叙事行为,它们出现在叙事活动中要有某种可能性。从人物“所行的事”的视角去审视,必然性行事主要是为可能性行事的实现提供必要条件,叙事意图主要是从可能性行事活动中被圈定、被确型的。戏剧性叙事活动的剧中人物之间,剧中人物与观众之间,以及剧中人、观众与故事的完整呈现之间,有某种相对独立的事息传通渠道。对这三种事息传通渠道进行具体分析,不仅对理解戏剧性和剧场氛围具有重要意义,对于理解小说的描写话语及一般叙述话语的不同也有一定启示。

Character acting-"expression via characters'action"-has the ideographic characteristics of visual symbols.The development of characters'action should be reasonable and purposeful.Some narrative behaviors involved in expressing each character's intention appear in narrative activities according to the law of necessity.Other narrative behaviors connect different characters'actions to achieve a certain narrative intention,and they should follow the law of probability.Examined from the perspective of"characters action",necessary actions provide the critical conditions for the realization of probable actions,and the narrative intention is confined and confirmed by probable actions.In theatre narrative,there are relatively independent channels of information transmission between characters,between characters and the audience,and between characters,the audience,and the overall presentation of the story.A detailed analysis of the three channels of information transmission is not only of great significance for understanding theatricality and theatre ambience,but can also shed light on the difference between descriptive discourse and general narrative discourse in novels.