间歇管饲对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的临床效果研究

The clinical effect of intermittent tube feeding on patients with swallowing disorders

目的:探讨间歇经口至食管管饲胃肠营养法(IOE)对脑卒中后中重度吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能、舒适度以及置管并发症的影响。方法:选取2020年1月—2022年1月收治的86例脑卒中后中重度吞咽障碍的患者,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组采取留置鼻胃管饲法,观察组采取IOE干预方法。对两组吞咽功能、留置舒适度以及置管并发症进行统计学分析。结果:干预后两组吞咽功能分级均低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组主观舒适度为95.35%,明显高于对照组的81.40%(P<0.05);观察组置管并发症发生率为4.66%,明显低于对照组的20.93%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:IOE支持的营养支持干预方式可明显改善脑卒中中重度吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能,提高置管舒适度,降低置管并发症发生率。

Objective:To explore the impact of intermittent oral to esophageal tube feeding gastrointestinal nutrition(IOE)intervention on swallowing function,comfort,and catheterization complications in patients with moderate to severe swallowing disorders after stroke.Method:All 86 study subjects admitted to Xingyu Xinggang hospital from Jan 2020 to Jan 2022 were selected and divided into an experimental group and a control group according to the principle of random number table.43 cases in each group.The control group received indwelling nasogastric tube feeding,while the experimental group received IOE intervention.The swallowing function,indwelling comfort,and complications of indwelling tubes in two group were statistically compared.Results:The swallowing function grading of both groups after intervention was lower than before intervention,and the experimental group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically different(P<0.05).The subjective comfort level in the experimental group was 95.35%significantly higher than 81.40%in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of catheterization complications in the experimental group was 4.66%,lower than 20.93%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The nutritional support intervention supported by IOE can significantly improve the swallowing function of stroke patients with moderate to severe swallowing disorders,improve the comfort of catheterization,and reduce the incidence of catheterization complications.