省权、绅权与省长:韩国钧与京地互动下的江苏“省治场域”(1922—1923)

The Provincial Power,Power of Gentry,and Power of Governor:Han Guojun,Self-Government of Jiangsu,and Central-Local Interaction,1922—1923

在北洋江苏的“省治场域”中,士绅群体可分为省际、省域、县域和旅外同乡四类。其中苏社诸理事是对江苏省政具有主导性的“省际士绅”。而江苏旅京同乡会对江苏省政也具有相当大的话语权。此外,江苏省内因地域、职业、权益等因素大致有南通派与非南通派。南通派在省议会中拥有金陵俱乐部,而非南通派有省立校长联合会,他们可谓是“省域士绅”。省以下有县议会联合会这一“县域士绅”组织。1922年苏社理事们与旅京同乡力主“苏人治苏”,联手运动韩国钧长苏。“苏人治苏”背后实是“省权”与“绅权”双重扩张的结果。韩国钧长苏后接连遭遇七百万公债案、议教之争和恢复“旧县制”等问题。七百万公债案展现出省政府、省际士绅与旅京同乡的互动过程;议教之争展示出省治场域内不同层级、不同领域士绅间的纷争;恢复“旧县制”是县域士绅为重振县域绅权而起。以“省治场域”为视角,对北洋士绅分层分类探讨,是对“地方精英”概念的反思,旨在展现出北洋省治的内部构造与动态过程。

The present paper reexamines the highly-factionalized Jiangsu gentry's self-government endeavor in 1922 and analyzes in particular the governorship of Han Guojun,a powerful local elite of Jiangsu,in the hope that such a stratified discussion of gentry and elite in Beiyang period will be conducive to rethinking profoundly the concept of local elite and unfolding the internal structure and dynamics of self-government at provincial level before readers' eyes.