北人氏族的知识史研究:以《深州风土记·人谱》为例

Investigating Northerners' Clan from Perspective of History of Knowledge:“Genealogy”of Customs and Practices of Shenzhou Prefecture by Wu Rulun

在历时近三十年的深州志书编撰历程中,吴汝纶逐渐形成其关于北人乡曲之士不重氏族的基本认知,并通过对正史、墓志与旧志等文献的考证,分别梳理出金元以前之世家以及明代以来之移民望族的由来、世系与事迹,于《深州风土记》中别创“人谱”一门,对北方地区的修谱、编志均产生了影响。吴汝纶关于北人氏族的认知,既有着空间维度层面南北对照的普遍性,又在时间维度层面的对照中体现出其“始为吏,继为师”多重身份的独有特性。虽然本质上仍然未脱特表士族之范式窠臼,但知识史视角的引入,使得《深州风土记·人谱》这类通常作为史料被引用的文献得到重新省视,与现代学术研究共同构成了北人氏族的知识史系谱。

The present paper,discussing how Wu Rulun(1840—1903),a renowned figure of late Tongcheng School,innovatively set up the category of genealogy in one of his works and influenced the production of local chronicles and genealogies in the north,argues that Wu's perception of clan of northerners was not only spatially universal in contrasting the south with the north but also temporally unique in embodying his own multiple identities such as official and educator.