经典名方华盖散的古代文献分析与现代临床应用

Ancient Literature Analysis and Modern Clinical Application of Famous Classical Formula Huagaisan

目的:梳理华盖散的历史沿革、处方演变及现代临床应用情况。方法:以“华盖散”及其异名“华盖汤”为关键词,检索中医智库、中华医典、爱如生中国医学库及中国知识基础设施工程(CNKI)等数据库,根据纳入排除标准筛选,获取与“华盖散”有关的古籍条文信息及现代临床研究文献,系统梳理与分析华盖散的历史源流、处方组成、制法、用量、主治病证、药材基原、药材炮制方法及现代临床应用。结果:纳入华盖散相关的古籍信息198条,涉及中医古籍93种。华盖散由炒紫苏子、赤茯苓、炒桑白皮、橘红、炒苦杏仁、麻黄、炒甘草7味药组成,具有宣肺解表、祛痰止咳的功效,主治风寒束表之咳嗽上气,痰气不利等。制法建议为煮散,将七味药物粉碎成粗粒,每次用量折合为紫苏子1.27 g、赤茯苓1.27 g、桑白皮1.27 g、橘红1.27 g、苦杏仁1.27 g、麻黄1.27 g、甘草0.64 g,加水300 mL,煎取210 mL,去药渣,饭后温服。纳入临床研究文献21篇分析华盖散的现代临床应用,主要用于呼吸系统疾病肺炎、哮喘、支气管炎等治疗。结论:笔者考证并总结了经典名方华盖散的关键信息,可为其复方制剂的研发和临床运用提供详实的参考依据。

Objective:To sort out the historical evolution,prescription evolution and modern clinical application of Huagaisan.Method:Huagaisan and its synonym Huagaitang are used as keywords to search the databases of Traditional Chinese Medicine Think Tank,Chinese Medical Dictionary,Airusheng Chinese Medical Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,we obtained the information of ancient books and modern clinical research literature related to Huagaisan,and systematically reviewed and analyzed the historical origin,prescription composition,preparation method,dosage,efficacy,medicinal material origin,processing method and modern clinical application of Huagaisan.Result:A total of 198 pieces of ancient book information were included,involving 93 ancient Chinese medicine books.Huagaisan was composed of fried Perillae Fructus,red Poria,fried Mori Cortex,Citri Eoxcarpium Rubrum,stir-fried Armeniacae Semen Amarum,Ephedrae Herba and fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,which had the efficacy of promoting the lungs and relieving epidemiological symptoms,expelling phlegm and relieving cough,and treating cough with wind-cold bundled epidemiological symptoms and stagnation of phlegm and Qi.The preparation method was suggested as boiling powder,crushing the seven herbs into coarse particles,the dosage of each drug was fried Perillae Fructus of 1.27 g,red Poria of 1.27 g,fried Mori Cortex of 1.27 g,Citri Eoxcarpium Rubrum of 1.27 g,stir-fried Armeniacae Semen Amarum of 1.27 g,Ephedrae Herba of 1.27 g and fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma of 0.64 g,taking 8.26 g when decocting,adding 300 mL of water,decocting to 210 mL,removing the dregs,and taking it warmly after meals.Twenty-one clinical research papers were included to analyze the modern clinical application of Huagaisan,which was mainly used in the treatment of respiratory diseases such as pneumonia,asthma,bronchitis and so on.Conclusion:This paper has verified and summarized the key information of the famous classical formula Huagaisan,which can provide a detailed reference basis for the development and clinical application of its compound preparation.