倍半萜类化合物生物学活性研究进展

Biological Activities of Sesquiterpenoids:A Review

倍半萜化合物是由15个碳原子组成的天然存在的化合物,按照含氧基团可分为倍半萜醇、酮、内酯、醛、羧酸等,该化合物在自然界中分布广泛,其生理活性也多种多样,例如在抗肿瘤方面,发现了很多具有潜在抗癌作用的倍半萜类化合物,包括细胞毒、抗氧化、免疫调节、细胞增殖等。此外,一些倍半萜类化合物在抗菌、抗炎和抗心血管疾病等方面也有较好的应用前景。恶性肿瘤、炎症、细菌性疾病与心血管疾病都是导致人类死亡的主要疾病,而天然产物对治疗这些疾病都有独到的优势,因此,开发新的易于推广的药物成为新的研究热点。该文针对具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗菌及抗心血管疾病活性,在中草药和植物天然成分,如菊科苍耳属、苍术属、旋复花属、云木香属、地胆草属、蒿属、千里光属、橐吾属,唇形科薄荷属、地笋属,姜科姜黄属、姜属等中草药和植物中提取出来的倍半萜化合物,综述了该化合物的生物学活性及其相关机制,为倍半萜的进一步研究和临床合理应用提供参考依据。

Sesquiterpenoids are natural compounds composed of 15 carbon atoms,which can be divided into sesquiterpene alcohols,ketones,lactones,aldehydes,and carboxylic acids according to oxygen groups.These compounds are widely distributed in nature,and their physiological activities are diverse.For example,many sesquiterpenes with potential anticancer effects have been found for anti-tumor effects,including cytotoxicity,antioxidant,immune regulation,cell proliferation,and so on.In addition,some sesquiterpenoids have good application prospects in antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,and anti-cardiovascular diseases.Malignant tumors,inflammation,bacterial diseases,and cardiovascular diseases are the main diseases that cause human death,and natural products have unique advantages in the treatment of these diseases.Therefore,the development of new drugs that are easy to promote has become a new research hotspot.In this paper,the sesquiterpenes extracted from the natural components of Chinese herbs and plants with anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,and anti-cardiovascular activities,such as Xanthium,Atractylodes,Convolvulus,Acanthium,Ligularia,Artemisia,Ligularia,Ligularia,Labiaceae Mint,Acanthophyllum,Turmeria,Ginger,and other Chinese herbs and plants,were discussed.The biological activities and related mechanisms of this compound were reviewed,which provided a reference for further research and clinical application of sesquiterpenes.