基础研究对生物医药企业科学产出的贡献研究——单篇论文属性划分视角

Quantifying Basic Research Contribution to Biomedical FirmsScientific Output:A Perspective on Individual Publication Characteristics

基础研究是核心技术的根基,尤其对于高科技企业的发展具有重要影响。如何准确地识别并测量研究开发中的基础研究对于探究基础研究的影响与作用机制具有重要意义。本文采用一种可定量衡量单篇论文基础程度的指标“LevelScore”,以全球生物医药企业作为研究对象,量化分析了其在2015—2017年引用和发表科学论文的研究性质与规律。研究结果表明,①基础研究为大部分生物医药企业的发展提供了重要参考与支撑,然而,同时进行基础研究和应用研究需要企业具备一定的规模和实力。中小型生物医药企业更倾向于从事极端基础或者极端应用的研究,而大型企业发表论文的基础程度居中。②生物医药企业科研产出的主要知识来源是基础研究而非应用研究,其科研活动对基础研究具有极强的依赖性,同时需要一定的应用研究支持。③生物医药企业的基础研究产出依赖于基础研究型的知识投入。④应用研究型的产出同样受益于基础研究型投入的支持;反之,则较难发生。这验证了基础研究在科技发展中的先导性和奠基性作用。

As the foundation of core technologies,basic research has a significant impact on the development of high-tech companies.Therefore,basic research should be accurately identified and measured for its impact and mechanism to be explored.This study uses the scientometric method based on the“Level Score”index,a quantitative index for measuring the basic level of a research paper,to quantify the basic research of firms in the biomedical field,which is a key development industry in China and abroad,thereby investigating the dependence between output and basic research.The results of this study show that:(1)Most biomedical firms need to conduct basic research to sustain their development,and a certain scale and strength are required to conduct both basic and applied research.Large biomedical firms have a more intensive distribution of average basic level papers,whereas smaller firms tend to publish more basic research papers.(2)Basic research type references are the main knowledge base of the papers published by biomedical firms which also rely on some applied research references,indicating that the research activities of biomedical firms are highly dependent on basic research.(3)The basic output type of biomedical firms depends on basic knowledge input and is thus less difficult to obtain applied output type from basic input than to generate basic type output from applied type input.