普及化时代英国精英高等教育发展的文化逻辑

The Cultural Logic of English Elite Higher Education in the Age of Popularization

在历经精英化、大众化和普及化高等教育阶段后,以牛津大学、剑桥大学为代表的英国传统大学仍坚守精英教育的理念和模式。梳理普及化时代英国精英高等教育的文化逻辑可以发现:就器物文化逻辑而言,“四方院式”的校园建筑是英国精英高等教育的外在体现;就制度文化逻辑而言,考试入学制、学院制、导师制为英国精英高等教育的长久发展提供了制度保障;就学术文化逻辑而言,基于传统的学科设置的发展是英国精英高等教育的实现方式;就思想文化逻辑而言,贵族精神、保守主义是英国精英高等教育的思想内核。在世界高等教育普及化时代,发展精英教育仍具有合理性与可行性。

Traditional British universities represented by Oxford University and Cambridge University are still adhering to the concept and model of elite higher education,after going though the stages of elite higher education,popularized higher education and universal higher education.By discussing the cultural logic of British elite higher education in the age of popularization,it can be seen that as far as the cultural logic of utensils is concerned,the quadrangle campus building is the external embodiment of British elite higher education.In terms of institutional cultural logic,the entrance system,college system and tutorial system provide institutional guarantee for the long-term development of British elite higher education.As far as academic culture logic is concerned,the development of subject setting based on tradition is the way to realize elite higher education in Britain.As far as ideological and cultural logic is concerned,aristocratic spirit and conservatism are the ideological core of British elite higher education.It can be seen that in the era of universal higher education,the development of elite education is still reasonable and feasible.