生物基可降解聚合物在生物医学领域的应用及研究进展

Application and research progress of bio-based degradable polymers in biomedical field

聚合物科学和工业的发展使得人们更加关注环境友好的材料,以减轻传统石油基塑料对环境的影响。生物基聚合物是具有良好可持续性、生物相容性和可降解性的材料,在食品包装、农业、纺织等领域表现出巨大的应用潜力,并在生物医药领域中具有独特的优势。综述了常见的生物基可降解聚合物(多糖、蛋白质、合成聚合物如脂肪族聚酯等)的获取方式、结构、性质特点及其在生物医学领域中的最新研究进展,分析了它们目前存在的缺陷,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

The development of polymer science and industry has led people to pay more attention to environmentally benign materials to reduce the environmental impact of conventional petroleum-based plastics.Bio-based polymers are materials with good sustainability,biocompatibility,and biodegradability that exhibit tremendous potential for a wide range of applications including food packaging,agriculture and textile,and have unique advantages in the field of biomedicine.This article summarizes the acquisition methods,structures,properties of common bio-based degradable polymers(polysaccharides,proteins,synthetic polymers such as aliphatic polyesters,etc.),reviews the latest research progress in the biomedicalfield,analyzes their current shortcomings,and looks forward to future development trends.