以小鼠急性酒精中毒实验为例探索与创新医学整合实验

Taking the Experiment of Acute Alcoholism in Mice as an Example to Explore and Innovate Medical Integration Experiment

机能学实验教学在高校开展已近20年,在一定程度上整合了生理学、病理生理学、药理学的知识点,但在形态和功能、疾病和实验设计之间的融合,以及医学科研的创新思维培养方面,仍有不足与提升空间。为了适应国家对医学人才培养目标的变化,医学实验教学也需要不断地与时俱进。以疾病为基础的医学整合实验教学改革,通过提升教学目标、重构教学内容、创新教学模式和开展多维度教学评价,以疾病为导入、翻转课堂、虚拟仿真实验、开放性实验、创新性实验、急性和慢性实验的组合、双主体多维度评价等教学手段的综合运用,克服课时的限制,从整体—器官—分子的层面来验证和解析医学知识,以此为基础,在科研上做出创新,打破学科的边界,将科研创新融入教学,拓宽了医学整合实验的范畴。

Functional experimental teaching has been carried out in colleges and universities for nearly 20 years,which integrates the knowledge points of physiology,pathophysiology,and pharmacology to a certain extent.However,there are still shortcomings and spaces in the integration between form and function,disease and experimental design,and development of innovative thinking in medical research.In order to adapt to the country’s changes in the training goals of medical talents,medical experimental teaching needs to keep pace with the times.The teaching reform of disease-based medical integration experiment is carried out by improving the teaching goals,restructuring the experimental teaching content,innovating the teaching mode and carrying out multi-dimensional teaching evaluation.The comprehensive application of teaching means such as disease-oriented,flipped classroom,virtual simulation experiment,open experiment,innovative experiment,combination of acute and chronic experiment,and doublesubject multidimensional evaluation can overcome the limitation of class hours,verify and analyze medical knowledge from the level of holo-organ-molecular biology,and make innovations in scientific research and break the boundaries of disciplines on this basis.In the end,the teaching mode could integrate scientific research and innovation into teaching,broaden and improve the scope of medical integration experiment.