孤独症谱系障碍儿童家长的同伴支持研究进展

Research Progress in Parent-to-Parent Support Research for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

孤独症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder,ASD)对儿童的成长与发展不利,其家长的身心健康也深受影响。ASD儿童的家长需要持续的社会支持以应对育儿压力。作为非正式社会支持的重要组成部分,ASD儿童家长的同伴支持具有灵活、互惠、低成本、可利用度高、持续性较强等特点;支持的内容包括ASD的相关知识与干预技能、ASD诊断与康复服务的信息与资源、情绪调节策略、自我增能;有代表性的实施模式包括家长导师—学员模式和家长支持小组模式。未来研究需要更加关注ASD儿童父亲的家长同伴支持需求,进一步加强对家长导师的专业培训,注重家长同伴支持的本土化,并保障家长同伴支持的持续实施。

Autism spectrum disorder is detrimental to the growth and development of children with ASD,and the physical and mental health of their parents is also deeply affected.The parents need continuous social support to cope with parenting stress.As an important part of informal social support,parent-to-parent(P2P)support for children with ASD is characterized by flexibility,reciprocity,low cost,high availability,and strong sustainability.The content of support includes ASD related knowledge and intervention skills,information and resources for ASD diagnosis and rehabilitation services,emotion regulation strategies,and self-empowerment.Representative implementation models mainly include parent mentor-student model and parent support group model.Future research needs to pay more attention to the needs of Parent-To-Parent support for fathers of children with ASD,further strengthen the professional training for parent mentors,focus on the localization of Parent-To-Parent support,and ensure the continuous implementation of Parent-To-Parent support.