市场准入负面清单对企业劳动收入份额的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Negative List for Market Access on the Enterprise Labor Income Share

本文以分阶段推行的市场准入负面清单构造准自然实验,采用双重差分模型实证考察负面清单制度对上市公司劳动收入份额的影响。研究发现:市场准入负面清单能够显著提升企业劳动收入份额,机制分析表明,该制度通过优化企业要素组成和提高劳动要素分配发挥作用。进一步研究发现,市场准入负面清单制度对处于成长期和成熟期以及处于进入壁垒较低、营商环境较好地区的企业的劳动收入份额提升效应更为明显,且市场准入负面清单制度提高劳动收入份额最终还有助于改善企业经营绩效和投资效率。本文从优化收入分配格局的视角验证了市场准入负面清单制度的政策效应,为深化“放管服”改革、完善收入分配机制提供了一定的经验证据和政策启示。

Based on the quasi-natural experiment of negative list system,the paper empirically examines the impact of the negative list for market access on the income distribution of listed enterprises by using differential model.The results show that the negative list for market access could increase the labor income share of enterprises.And the mechanism analysis shows that the system plays a role by optimizing the composition of enterprise factors and improving the distribution of labor factors.Further research shows that the negative list for market access has a more significant effect on the labor income share in the enterprise of developing and mature stages,with lower entry barriers and better business environment.And the increase of labor income share of the negative list for market access will ultimately help improve the business performance and investment efficiency.The study verifies the policy effect of the negative list system from the perspective of income distribution pattern,and provides certain empirical evidence and policy enlightenment for deepening the reform of“deregulation,regulation and service”and improving the income distribution mechanism.