不同栽培措施对丰都烟区云烟116生长、产量和质量的影响

Effects of different cultivation practices on the growth, yield and quality of Yunyan 116 in Fengdu tobacco planting area

以烤烟品种云烟116为试验材料,田间试验按L_9(3~4)设置9个处理(种植密度分别为15 750、16 650和17 250株·hm^(-2),施氮量分别为96.9、108和119.1 kg·hm^(-2),留叶数分别为15、17和19片),研究重庆丰都植烟区上述栽培措施对云烟116生长、产量和质量的影响。结果表明:随着种植密度的增加,叶面积系数和烤后烟香气物质含量升高,株高、烤后烟钾氯比和感官评吸质量降低;随着施氮量的增加,株高、产量和产值增加,烤后烟钾含量、钾氯比和感官评吸质量下降;随着留叶数的增加,叶面积系数增加,烤后烟钾氯比、感官评吸质量和上等烟比例下降,株高先增加后减小。种植密度对产值影响较大,施氮量对株高、产值和感官质量影响较大,留叶数对叶面积系数、产量、上等烟比例、烤后烟化学成分的协调性和香气物质总量影响较大。综上,重庆丰都烟区云烟116的种植密度为15 750株·hm^(-2)、施氮量为108 kg·hm^(-2)、留叶数为17片时,烟叶经济效益最高,化学成分协调性较好。

In present study,nine treatments were set up according to L9(34),the planting densities were 15 750,16 650 and 17 250 plants·hm^(-2),the nitrogen application rates were 96.9,108 and 119.1kg·hm^(-2),and the number of leaves remained were 15,17 and 19 for studying the supporting cultivation measures of flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan116in Fengdu tobacco area of Chongqing.The results showed that with the increase of planting density,the leaf area coefficient and tobacco aroma content increased,but the plant height,potassium chloride ratio and sensory evaluation quality decreased.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the plant height,yield and output value increased,but the potassium content,potassium chloride ratio and sensory evaluation quality of cured tobacco decreased.With the increase of the number of leaves remained,the leaf area coefficient increased,the potassium chloride ratio of cured tobacco,the quality of sensory evaluation and the proportion of premiumtobacco decreased,and the plant height first increased and then decreased.Among the three factors,the planting density had a great influence on the output value,while nitrogen application rate had a great influence on the plant height,output value,and sensory quality evaluation.The number of remaining leaves had a great influence on the leaf area coefficient,yield,the proportion of high-quality tobacco,the coordination of chemical components of flue-cured tobacco,and the total amount of aroma substances.Under the conditions of this study,when the planting density was 15 750 plants·hm^(-2),the nitrogen application rate was 108kg·hm^(-2) and the number of remaining leaves was 17,Yunyan 116 had better plant height,leaf area coefficient,economic benefits and more harmonious chemical composition,in Fengdu tobacco planting area of Chongqing.