靖西市植烟区土壤微量营养元素空间分布特征及影响因子分析

Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil micronutrient elements in tobacco-growing area of Jingxi City

2021年在靖西市植烟区采集土壤样品71个,利用多元统计学和地统计学方法分析土壤微量营养元素空间分布特征及影响因子,为靖西市烟区土壤改良和烤烟养分管理决策提供科学依据。结果表明:靖西市烟区土壤有效硼、锌、铁、锰、铜、钼含量平均值分别为0.32、8.11、228.01、14.99、7.96、0.01 mg·kg^(-1)。各微量元素块基比介于0.11%~29.7%之间,有效硼和锰含量的空间分布特征受结构性因素影响,有效铁和锌含量受结构性因素和随机性因子共同影响。土壤有效硼、锌、锰微量元素含量存在空间聚集现象,而有效铁含量具有空间随机性。土壤有效硼含量呈现北部低、东南部高的格局,有效锌含量呈现西部高、东部低的格局,有效铁、锰含量均呈现东北高、西南低的格局。土壤微量营养元素含量受土壤pH、有效硫、速效钾、有效磷和交换性钙等因子的影响。因此,研究区应结合各元素的空间分布特征减少锌、铁和铜微量元素肥料的投入,适量适地增施硼肥和钼肥,合理施用大量营养元素。

The present paper aimed to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of soil micronutrients and their influencing factors in bacco-growing area of Jingxi City, and to provide scientific basis for soil improvement and nutrient management decisions of flue-cured tobacco intobacco-growing area of Jingxi City. In 2021, 71 soil samples were collected from tobacco planting areas in Jingxi City, and analyzed by multivariate statistical and geostatistical methods. The results showed that the average contents of available boron(B), available zinc(Zn), available iron(Fe), available manganese(Mn), available copper(Cu) and available molybdenum(Mo) in the tobacco area of Jingxi City were 0.32, 8.11, 228.01, 14.99, 7.96 and 0.01 mg·kg^(-1), respectively. The block base ratio of all trace elements ranged from 0.11% to 29.7%. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil available boron and manganese contents were affected by structural factors, and the contents of available Fe and Zn were affected by structural factors and random factors. The content of available B, available Zn and available Mn in soil showed a spatial aggregation state, while the content of available Fe showed a stochastic state.Available B content was lower in the north and higher in the southeast,available Zn content was higher in the west and lower in the east,and available Fe and Mn content was higher in the northeast and lower in the southwest.Soil micronutrient content was affected by soil pH,available sulfur(S),available potassium(K),available phosphorus(P)and exchangeable calcium(Ca).In conclusion,according to the spatial distribution characteristics of each element,the researched areas should reduce the application of Zn,Fe and Cu trace element fertilizer,and appropriately increase the application of B and Mo fertilizer,reasonable application of macronutrients.