学习机会视角下数学课堂教学的国际比较研究

International Comparative Study of Mathematics Classroom Teaching from the Perspective of Learning Opportunities

从教育活动的过程看,教育公平可分为起点公平、过程公平和结果公平。作为教育公平的微观层面,课堂教学公平是教育过程公平的核心表现。学术界已逐步将教育过程公平的研究视角从教育机会公平转向与学习相关的学习机会的公平,同时,高质量的课堂学习机会也是落实核心素养的关键。各个国家或地区教师在教学用时、教学顺序、认知要求等方面总体上都存在较大的差异,说明来自不同地区和不同课堂的学生在很大程度上会获得不同类型的学习机会,从而影响他们在知识和思维上的养成。

From the process of educational activities,educational fairness can be divided into the fairness of starting point,process and result.As the micro level of educational fairness,classroom teaching fairness is the core performance of educational process fairness.High-quality classroom learning opportunities are the key to implementing core competency.Teachers in different countries or regions generally have great differences in teaching time,order and cognitive requirements,which shows that students from different regions and classrooms will get different learning opportunities to a great extent,thus affecting their knowledge and thinking.