清末民初小学语文教科书插图的主题演绎与意义生成:图像学的视角

Theme Deduction and Meaning Generation of Primary School Chinese Textbook Illustrations in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China:From the Perspective of Iconology

具有现代意义的小学语文教科书始于清末,适逢插图发展的繁荣时期。研究清末民初的教科书插图对于释放图像在教科书中的育人价值、提升教材质量意义重大。插图既具备作为一种艺术表现形式所负载的文学和美学价值,又具有教化功能。基于美术史研究中的图像学理论建立分析框架,并对中国近代教育资源数据库收录的258册清末民初小学语文教科书中的6760幅插图进行分析,可以发现清末民初的语文教科书插图在弘扬传统美德、传递民族精神、促进五育融合、呈现社会风貌以及塑造儿童价值观方面不可忽视的作用,对于今后的教科书插图设计具有较大的借鉴意义。

Primary school Chinese textbook with modern significance emerged in the late Qing Dynasty,the flourishing period of illustration.It is of great significance to study textbook illustration in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China to release the educational value of images in textbook and improve textbook quality.Illustration has the literary and aesthetic value as a form of artistic expression and the function of enlightenment.Based on iconology in art history research,this article establishes an analysis framework and analyzes 6760 illustrations in 258 volumes of Chinese textbooks in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China in the Database of Chinese Modern Educational Resources,finding that the illustrations played a significant role in promoting traditional virtues,conveying national spirit,promoting the integration of five education,presenting social features and shaping children's values,which is of great reference significance for today's textbook illustration design.