人口老龄化背景下我国老年人医疗费用支出状况研究

Research on the Medical Expenses of the Elderly in China under the Background of Population Aging

日益加深的人口老龄化使得老年医疗卫生服务受到社会各界的广泛关注,其中老年人医疗费用支出问题尤其突出。因此,以健康老龄化为背景,基于对2018年中国老年人健康追踪调查数据的研究发现,老年人年平均医疗费用支出约为5376元,且医疗费用支出在不同特征老年群体之间存在巨大差异。进一步分析发现,老年人医疗费用支出不仅受慢性病患病情况、医保参保情况、健康行为、日常生活自理能力及主要照料人情况影响,也会受年龄、居住地、婚姻状况、家庭年收入等社会人口特征影响。因此,应进一步健全医疗卫生服务体制、加强社会保障、完善家庭赡养功能,以减轻老年群体医疗负担,促进老年友好型社会建设。

The deepening aging population has attracted widespread attention from all sectors of society to elderly medical and health services,among which the issue of elderly medical expenses is particularly prominent.Therefore,based on the background of healthy aging and research on the health tracking survey data of the elderly in China in 2018,it was found that the average annual medical expenditure of the elderly is about 5,376 yuan,and there are significant differences in medical expenditure among elderly groups with different characteristics.Further analysis reveals that the medical expenses of the elderly are not only influenced by the prevalence of chronic diseases,medical insurance participation,health behavior,self-care ability in daily life,and the situation of the main caregivers,but also by social demographic characteristics such as age,place of residence,marital status,and annual family income.Therefore,it is necessary to further improve the medical and health service system,strengthen social security,and improve family support functions to reduce the medical burden on the elderly population and promote the construction of an elderly friendly society.