进口品技术与中国制造业企业规模均匀分布研究:抑制或促进

Research on the Relationship between Imported Product Technology and the Uniform Distribution of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprise Scale:Inhibition or Promotion

进口品技术提升通过竞争效应、学习效应和依赖效应引致规模异质性企业全要素生产率和产品创新产生差异性变化,对企业规模均匀分布产生抑制和促进的双重效应。研究就进口品技术对我国制造业企业规模均匀分布的影响效应及传导机制进行实证研究,发现进口品技术提升会抑制我国制造业企业规模的整体均匀分布。异质性分析结果表明,该效应主要在中西部地区和劳动密集型、资本密集型行业及国有企业中体现,但在东部地区和技术密集型行业企业、私营企业、外资企业、港澳台企业中,进口品技术提升会促进企业规模均匀分布。进口品技术水平对企业全要素生产率和产品创新的提升作用随企业规模增大而增强,这是它抑制制造业企业规模均匀分布的主要原因。随着企业规模的增大,进口品技术水平较全要素生产率对企业产品创新的提升作用更强。我国进口品技术水平不断提升,加强对中小型企业的支持,尤其是对中西部地区和劳动密集型行业、资本密集型行业及国有企业的支持,有利于促进制造业企业规模均匀分布,优化市场竞争环境。

The improvement of imported product technology leads to differential changes in total factor productivity and product innovation of heterogeneous scale enterprises through competition,learning,and dependence effects,which have a dual effect of inhibiting and promoting the uniform distribution of enterprise size.An empirical study was conducted on the impact effect and transmission mechanism of imported product technology on the uniform distribution of manufacturing enterprise scale in China.It was found that the improvement of imported product technology in China will inhibit the overall uniform distribution of manufacturing enterprise scale.The results of heterogeneity analysis indicate that this effect is mainly reflected in the central and western regions,labor-intensive industries,capital-intensive industries,and state-owned enterprises.However,in the eastern region and technology-intensive industries,private enterprises,foreign-funded enterprises,and Hong Kong enterprises,Macao enterprises,and Taiwan enterprises,imported technology will promote a uniform distribution of enterprise scale.The improvement effect of imported product technology on total factor productivity and product innovation of enterprises increases with the enlargement of enterprise size,which is the main reason why it suppresses the uniform distribution of manufacturing enterprise size.As the increase of enterprise scale,the level of imported product technology has a stronger impact on enhancing enterprise product innovation than total factor productivity.The constant improvement of technological level of imported products in our country,and strengthening support for small and medium-sized enterprises,especially support in the central and western regions,labor-intensive industries,capital-intensive industries,and state-owned enterprises,are conducive to facilitating the uniform distribution of manufacturing enterprise scale and optimizing the market competition environment.