肠造口患者出院准备度的影响因素

Influencing factors of readiness for hospital discharge in patients receiving enterostomy

目的探讨肠造口患者出院准备度(RHD)的影响因素。方法选取2021年1月至12月海军军医大学附属长征医院肛肠外科收治的65例结直肠癌术后肠造口患者作为研究对象, 采用问卷调查法进行人口统计学及临床信息调查。采用RHD评估量表观察肠造口患者的RHD评分, 分析RHD的影响因素。结果肠造口患者的RHD总分为(170.63±21.38)分, 91.34%的患者认为自己已经准备好出院。单因素分析显示, 文化程度、婚姻状况、支付方式、家与医院的距离、疼痛评分、职业、照顾者、居住方式和家庭收入是肠造口患者RHD总分的影响因素, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示, 婚姻状况、照顾者、居住方式、家与医院距离、疼痛评分是RHD总分的主要影响因素, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论已婚、照顾者多、非独居、家与医院距离近及疼痛评分低可减少或消除患者出院后对延续护理的顾虑, 从而能更好地准备出院。

Objective To investigate the factors that influence the readiness for hospital discharge(RHD)in patients receiving enterostomy.Methods A total of 65 patients receiving enterostomy due to colorectal cancer were admitted to the Department of Colorectal Surgery of Changzheng Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University from January to December 2021,and they were selected as the research subjects.The demographic and clinical data were surveyed by a questionnaire.The RHD scores of patients receiving enterostomy were determined by the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale and the influencing factors of the scores were analyzed.Results The total RHD score of enterostomy patients was 170.63±21.38,and 91.34%of them believed that they were ready for discharge.Univariate analysis showed education background,marital status,payment method,distance between home and hospital,pain score,occupation,caregiver,living arrangement,and family income were influencing factors for the RHD score,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that marital status,caregiver,living arrangement,distance between home and hospital,and pain score were the major factors affecting the RHD score of patients receiving enterostomy,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Being married,having multiple caregivers,non-living alone,living in close proximity to the hospital,and having low pain score can reduce or eliminate patients’concerns about continued care after discharge,thereby being better prepared for discharge.