父母教养方式与青少年反刍思维的相关性分析

Correlation analysis between parental rearing patterns and adolescents'rumination

目的了解目前青少年反刍思维水平,分析父母教养方式对青少年反刍思维的影响。方法2022年3—4月,采取分层抽样的方法选取甘肃省宁县某中学初一至初三、高一至高三302名同学,使用一般资料调查问卷、简式父母教养方式量表、中文版反刍思维量表进行调查。采用多元逐步线性回归分析青少年反刍思维的影响因素,采用Pearson相关分析父母教养方式与青少年反刍思维之间的关系。结果302名青少年反刍思维总得分为(45.90±11.92)分,症状反刍得分为(23.84±6.96)分,强迫思考得分为(11.86±3.38)分,反复深思得分为(10.20±3.03)分。性别、长期居住地是影响青少年反刍思维的独立影响因素,共解释青少年反刍思维4.00%的变异。父母教养方式中的父母情感温暖维度与青少年的反刍思维总得分、反刍思维各维度得分呈负相关(均P<0.05),父母拒绝和过度保护维度与青少年反刍思维总得分、反刍思维各维度得分呈正相关(均P<0.05)结论青少年反刍思维处于中等水平。女生较男生的反刍思维更严重,农村青少年较城镇青少年的反刍思维更严重。在干预的过程中应重点关注女性和农村青少年,提倡父母在养育子女的过程中多采用情感温暖的教养方式。

Objective To understand the current level of ruminating thinking in adolescents and analyze the influence of parental rearing patterns on ruminating thinking in adolescents.Methods From March to April 2022,302 middle school students from grades 7 to 9,10 to 12 in a middle school in Ning County,Gansu Province were selected using stratified sampling method.General information questionnaire,simplified parental rearing pattern scale,and Chinese version of ruminating thinking scale were used for investigation.Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of ruminating thinking in adolescents,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between parental rearing patterns and ruminating thinking in adolescents.Results The total score of ruminating thinking in 302 middle school students was(45.90±11.92)points,the score of symptom ruminating was(23.84±6.96)points,the score of obsessive thinking was(11.86±3.38)points,and the score of repetitive thinking was(10.20±3.03)points.Gender and long-term residence were independent factors affecting ruminating thinking in adolescents,accounting for 4.00%of the variance in ruminating thinking in adolescents.The dimension of parental emotional warmth in parental rearing patterns was negatively correlated with the total score of ruminating thinking in adolescents and the scores of each dimension of ruminating thinking(all P<0.05),while the dimension of parental rejection and overprotection was positively correlated with the total score of ruminating thinking in adolescents and the scores of each dimension of ruminating thinking(all P<0.05).Conclusion Ruminating thinking in adolescents is at a moderate level.Ruminating thinking in girls is more severe than that in boys,and ruminating thinking in rural adolescents is more severe than that in urban adolescents.In the process of intervention,attention should be paid to girls and rural adolescents,and parents should be encouraged to adopt emotional warmth in parenting.