基于工况适应替代模型的电池液冷系统结构优化

Structural Optimization of Liquid Cooling System for Lithium Ion Battery Based on Working Condition Adaptation Surrogate Model

电池液冷系统的冷板结构决定了冷却系统的性能。不合理的冷板结构参数导致液冷系统能量损耗高,质量与体积大且电池温升抑制效果不明显。针对不同应用场景限制液冷系统结构优化效率的难题,将工况条件参数作为替代模型输入变量,构建包含工况条件输入的Kriging替代模型,实现任意工况与任意结构参数下电池热管理系统最高温度、最大温差以及冷却液进出口压降的精确仿真。确定蛇形流道冷板结构优化的能量损耗、冷板质量、最高温度三个优化目标,结合第二代非支配遗传算法完成不同工况下的冷板结构优化。以最高温度取最小值为例,分析流道直径随工况条件的变化规律。对比完成优化工作需要的时间,证实采用包含工况条件的替代模型进行液冷系统结构优化的高效性与便捷性。

The structure of cold plate limits the performance of liquid cooling systems.The inappropriate structure parameter of cold plate leads to a high energy loss in the liquid cooling system,large mass and volume,and insignificant temperature suppression function.Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of the structural optimization in different application scenarios,the working condition parameters are used as the input variables of the surrogate model,and a kriging surrogate model is constructed.Accurate simulation of maximum temperature,maximum temperature difference,and pressure drop are realized under any working conditions and any structural parameters.Three optimization objectives of energy loss,cold plate mass,and maximum temperature are determined,and the cold plate structure optimization under different working conditions is completed by combining the second-generation non-dominated genetic algorithm.Taking the structure parameters when the maximum temperature is the minimum value of as an example,the variation of the flow channel diameter with the working conditions is analyzed.The time required to complete structure optimization is compared,and the efficiency and convenience of the surrogate model including the working conditions is confirmed.