系统损耗最小的双电机纯电动汽车实时转矩分配策略

Real-time Torque Distribution Strategy for Dual-motor Pure Electric Vehicle with Minimum System Loss

基于电机效率MAP制定的双电机纯电动汽车转矩分配策略忽略了电机温度对系统损耗的影响,以及由电池动态特性引起的电机输入直流电压波动所导致的系统损耗变化,以至于整车动力传动系统不能以损耗最小的方式运行。针对这一问题,以前后轴双电机纯电动汽车为研究对象,综合考虑电机温度特性和电池动态特性,建立包含逆变器、电机与减速器的“三合一”电驱动系统的动态损耗模型,并在此基础上提出一种实时驱动系统损耗最小的转矩分配策略。仿真与硬件在环(Hardware inloop,HIL)测试结果表明,与传统基于电机效率MAP制定的双电机纯电动汽车转矩分配策略相比,基于实时驱动系统损耗最小的转矩分配策略有效地提高了整车经济性和工况适应性,并且具备实时性。

The torque allocation strategy for dual-motor electric vehicles,based on motor efficiency MAP,overlooks the impact of motor temperature on system losses and the variation in system losses caused by fluctuations in motor input DC voltage due to the dynamic characteristics of the battery.As a result,the overall vehicle powertrain system cannot operate with minimal loss.In response to this issue,a study was conducted on dual-motor electric vehicles with front and rear axles.The temperature characteristics of the motors and the dynamic properties of the batteries were comprehensively considered.A dynamic loss model for the“three-in-one”electric drive system,which includes the inverter,motor,and gearbox,was developed.Based on this model,a real-time torque allocation strategy that minimizes system losses in the drive system was proposed.The simulation and hardware in loop(HIL)testing results demonstrate that by employing a torque allocation strategy based on the real-time minimization of drive system losses,the vehicle's fuel efficiency and adaptability across different driving conditions are effectively enhanced.Additionally,real-time capabilities are exhibited.