铝电解惰性阳极在熔融电解质中腐蚀过程的研究进展

Research progress of corrosion process of inert anode in molten electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis

惰性阳极是原铝生产保持低碳化的重要研究方向,近些年,惰性阳极材料的研究取得长足进展。通过对惰性阳极材料进行分类,综述了不同种类(合金阳极、氧化物陶瓷阳极和金属陶瓷阳极)的惰性阳极在熔盐电解质中可能发生的腐蚀反应,主要探究发生的化学腐蚀和电化学腐蚀,以及腐蚀后可能对阳极的影响。明晰增加阳极耐腐蚀性的方法,或者通过抑制腐蚀反应的进行,来降低惰性阳极在冰晶石熔盐中的腐蚀速率,从而促进惰性阳极在铝电解行业中的可行性发展。

Inert anodes are an important research direction to keep primary aluminum production low-carbon, and in recent years, considerable progress has been made in the study of inert anode materials. By classifying inert anode materials, the possible corrosion reactions of different types(alloy anodes, oxide ceramic anodes and metal ceramic anodes) of inert anodes in molten salt electrolytes are reviewed, mainly exploring the chemical and electrochemical corrosion that occurs and the possible effects on the anode after corrosion. To clarify ways to increase the corrosion resistance of anodes or to reduce the corrosion rate of inert anodes in cryolite molten salt by inhibiting the corrosion reaction, the development of viable inert anodes in the aluminum electrolysis industry was promoted.