两轴径向独立轮副轨道车辆动力学性能

Dynamic Performance of Two-axle Radially Steered Rail Vehicle Based on Independent Wheel-Pairs

针对独立车轮导向问题提出后倾角导向方法,使独立轮副轨道车辆获得自导向能力。阐述车辆的自导向原理,利用横向轮轨力和后倾角力臂形成摇头力矩,使独立车轮自动转向。关于中心对称的前后独立轮副分别向相反方向转向,使独立车轮处于径向位置。采用多体动力学方法分析独立轮副轨道车辆的自导向性能。结果表明:在直线轨道上,后倾角对车辆横向位移和摇头角的影响明显。带后倾角车辆出现类蛇行运动现象。具有后倾角的车辆在直线轨道上能够自动复位。在曲线轨道上,左前导向轮具有较大的冲角。后倾角能够使车辆动态对中,最终回到轨道中心线位置。带后倾角的独立轮副轨道车辆在曲线轨道上具有有限的导向能力。

A backward inclination steering method on the steering issue of independent wheels was proposed to obtain the self-steering ability for the independent wheel-pair rail vehicle.The principle of the self-steering vehicle with independent wheel-pairs was described particularly.The independently rotating wheels can automatically steer with the help of the yaw moment generated by the lateral wheel-rail force and the arm of force concerning the backward inclination.The front and rear wheel-pairs being symmetrical about the center were turned in opposite directions,leaving the independent wheels in radial positions.The multi-body dynamics was used to analyze the self-steering performance of the independent wheel-pair rail vehicle.The results show that the backward inclination has obvious influence on lateral displacements and yaw angles of the vehicle under the condition of straight tracks.Homologous hunting motion is observed for the vehicle with backward inclinations,which can automatically resume the center position on straight tracks.On curved tracks,the left front guiding wheel is endowed with large angles of attack.The backward inclination makes great contributions to the dynamic centering function for the vehicle until the vehicle returns to the track centerline finally.The independent wheel-pair rail vehicle with backward inclinations is endowed with finite steering ability on curved tracks.