肺癌患者主要照顾者的健康相关生命质量及其影响因素

Health-related Quality of Life and Its Influencing Factors Among Primary Caregivers of Lung Cancer Patients

目的 通过问卷调查肺癌患者主要照顾者健康相关生命质量及其影响因素,为改善照顾者健康相关生命质量提供依据。方法 2023年6—7月采用方便抽样法对342例肺癌患者主要照顾者进行问卷调查,调查内容包括人口学资料、简明健康状况量表(SF-36)及医院抑郁焦虑量表(HAD)得分。结果 与我国的一般人群常模相比较,在生理职能、总体健康、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康5个维度的得分相对较低(P<0.05)。肺癌患者主要照顾者焦虑得分为(8.58±2.74)分,抑郁得分为(10.11±2.11)分。肺癌患者主要照顾者性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、与患者关系均影响其生理健康得分和心理健康得分(P<0.05);每日照顾患者时长与照顾者生理健康得分无关(P>0.05),与心理健康得分有关(P<0.05),家庭人均月收入影响照顾者生理健康得分(P<0.05),与心理健康得分无关(P>0.05)。与照顾早期肺癌患者相比,照顾晚期肺癌患者的主要照顾者生理机能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、社会功能和精神健康得分均较低(P<0.05)。主要照顾者的年龄、与患者关系、焦虑是影响其生理健康得分的因素(P<0.05);照顾者每天照顾患者时长、与患者关系、焦虑症状是其心理健康得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 肺癌患者主要照顾者生命质量较低,应借助国家慢性疾病防治体系,与医护人员联动,开发适应照顾者的综合干预方案,提升其生命质量。

Objective A questionnaire was used to investigate the health-related quality of life(HRQoL)of primary caregivers of lung cancer patients and their influencing factors to provide a basis for improving the health-related quality of life of caregivers of lung cancer patients.Methods From June to July 2023,342 primary caregivers of patients with lung cancer were surveyed by convenience sampling method,including demographic data,SF-36 and HAD scores.Results Compared with the norm of the general population in China,the scores of the five dimensions of physiological function,general health,social function,emotional function and mental health were relatively low(P<0.05).The scores of anxiety and depression were(8.58±2.74)and(10.11±2.11)respectively in the primary caregivers of lung cancer patients.The sex,age,marital status,education level and relationship with the main caregiver of lung cancer patients all affected the physiological and mental health scores(P<0.05).The duration of daily care for patients was not related to the physical health score of caregivers(P>0.05),but was related to the mental health score(P<0.05),and the per capita monthly family income was related to the physical health score of caregivers(P<0.05),but was not related to the mental health score(P>0.05).Compared with early lung cancer patients,primary caregivers of advanced lung cancer patients had lower scores in physiological function,physiological function,physical pain,general health,social function,and mental health(P<0.05).The age of the main caregiver,relationship with the patient and anxiety were the factors that affected the physiological health score(P<0.05).The duration of caregiving,relationship with patients and anxiety symptoms were the influencing factors of mental health scores(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life of the main caregivers of lung cancer patients is low,so it is necessary to make use of the national chronic disease prevention and control system and coordinate with medical staff to develop comprehensive intervention programs adapted to the caregivers to improve their quality of life.