北美储能系统标准UL 9540第三版更新要求的解析

Analysis of updated requirements of UL 95403rd edition related to energy storage system in the Northern American market

北美储能系统标准UL 9540是ANSI(美国国家标准学会)和SCC(加拿大标准委员会)认可的国家安全标准,同时已经被众多国际规范所引用和要求,如ICC IFC(国际消防法规)、ICC IBC(国际建筑法规)、ICC IRC(国际住宅法规)、NFPA 1(消防法规)、NFPA 70(国际电工法规)和NFPA 855(储能系统安装规范)。某些州府,如加州也要求采用消防法规。一旦该法规被当地政府、州府采用,对应的标准如UL 9540将变为强制性要求。UL 9540标准是储能系统级别的安全标准,包含产品范围、结构检查、功能安全评估、电气测试(包括电磁兼容)、机械测试、环境测试、制造与生产线测试、标签和说明书等。储能系统包括电池系统、功率转换系统、可能的智能控制系统和并机系统等,而单独的电池系统和功率转换系统不包含在UL 9540的产品范围内。UL 9540标准已发布3个版本,从2016年11月26日发布的第一版到2023年6月28日发布的第三版。本文阐述了UL 9540标准的应用背景和要求,重点介绍了第三版的重要技术变化及应对方案。同时,还指出标准内容的不足,并提出建议,为相关行业的从业者提供指导和建议。

The North American Standard for Energy Storage Systems,UL 9540,is a national safety standard recognized by ANSI(American National Standards Institute)and SCC(Standards Council of Canada),and has also been referenced and required by numerous international codes such as ICC IFC(International Fire Code),ICC IBC(International Building Code),ICC IRC(International Residential Code),NFPA 1(Fire Code),NFPA 70(International Electrical Code)and NFPA 855(Energy Storage Systems Installation Code).Certain state capitals,such as California,also require the adoption of fire codes.Once the code is adopted by the local government or state,the corresponding standards such as UL 9540 will become mandatory.UL 9540 is a safety standard for energy storage systems that includes safety requirements for product scope,structural inspections,functional safety evaluations,electrical testing(including EMC),mechanical testing,environmental testing,manufacturing and production line testing,as well as labeling and instruction manuals.Energy storage systems include battery systems,power conversion systems,and possibly intelligent control systems and paralleling systems,etc.,while separate battery systems and power conversion systems are not included in the product scope of UL 9540.The UL 9540 standard has been published in 3 editions,from the first edition published on 2016-11-26 to the third edition published on 2023-06-28.This paper describes the application background and requirements of the UL 9540 standard,focusing on the important technical changes and response programs of the third edition.It also points out the deficiencies in the content of the standard and makes suggestions to provide guidance and advice to practitioners in related industries.