新型Bell型拉瓦尔管雾化喷头及其性能研究

Study of new Bell-type Laval tube atomizing nozzle and its performance

为解决煤矿开采过程中所产生的高浓度粉尘污染问题,提出了一种新型Bell型拉瓦尔管雾化降尘技术,并设计了相应喷头。建立喷雾除尘实验平台,利用拉瓦尔管气流加速原理和液滴破碎原理,测定喷雾压力和喷雾距离对喷雾质量的影响,确定其最佳气压和最佳距离,得到了液滴在不同气压、喷雾距离的变化规律,最后研究了不同种类喷头的雾化效果并进行对比。研究结果表明,随着气压的逐步增加,喷雾D_(10)、D_(50)、D_(90)、D_(SMD)、D_(VAD)逐步减小,雾化效果与之呈正比,最佳气压为0.5 MPa;随着喷雾距离逐步增加,喷雾D_(10)、D_(50)、D_(90)、D_(SMD)、D_(VAD)逐步增加,雾化效果整体呈下降趋势,最佳范围在15~100 cm;新型Bell型拉瓦尔管雾化喷头雾化效果均优于高压喷头和超声波雾化喷头,选新型Bell型拉瓦尔管雾化喷头作为最佳喷头。

In order to solve the problem of high concentration dust pollution generated in the coal mining process,a new Bell-type Laval tube atomization dust reduction technology was proposed and the corresponding nozzle was designed.Using the principle of Laval tube airflow acceleration and droplet fragmentation principle,the influence of spray pressure and spray distance on spray quality was measured,the optimal air pressure and optimal distance were determined,the change law of droplet at different air pressure and spray distance was obtained,and a spray dust removal experimental platform was established,and finally the atomization effect of different types of nozzles was studied and compared.The research results showed that with the gradual increase of air pressure,spray D_(10),D_(50),D_(90),D_(SMD),D_(VAD) gradually decreased,the atomization effect was proportional to it,the optimal air pressure was 0.5 MPa;with the gradual increase of spray distance,spray D_(10),D_(50),D_(90),D_(SMD),D_(VAD) gradually increased,the atomization effect as a whole was decreasing trend,the optimal range was 15~100 cm.New Bell-type Laval tube atomization nozzle atomization effect were better than high pressure nozzle and ultrasonic atomization nozzle,the new Bell-type Laval tube atomization nozzle was selected as the best nozzle.