靖远县地方特色农作物种质资源现状分析

Analysis on the Current Situation of Local Characteristic Crop Germplasm Resources in Jingyuan County

为了全面摸清靖远县农作物种质资源的种类、分布、演变及现状,采用座谈交流和实地考察相结合的方法,开展了靖远县第三次全国种质资源普查与收集工作。共征集到县域内古老、珍稀农作物地方品种、种植年代久远的育成品种和珍稀、濒危农作物野生近缘植物种质资源60份,其中粮食作物11份,占18.3%;蔬菜(含瓜类)22份,占36.7%;古老与特有的本地果树品种13份,占21.7%;野生近缘作物资源12份,占20.0%;经济作物2份,占3.3%。现种植面积“千亩”以上的有小口大枣、大庙香水梨、河靖坪绿萝卜、吴家湾红萝卜、九队红皮大蒜;种植“百亩”以上的有靖远灯笼辣椒、红苕马铃薯,其余53份均零星存在,群体数量极少。并分析了靖远县珍稀、名优、特异作物种质资源种类、分布及其生存现状。

In order to fully understand the species,distribution,evolution and current situation of crop germplasm resources in Jingyuan County,the third national survey and collection of crop germplasm resources in Jingyuan County was conducted through a combination of symposium and on-site investigation.A total of 60 ancient and rare local crop varieties,cultivated varieties with a long history of cultivation,and wild plant germplasm resources of rare and endangered crops within the County were collected,including 11 grain crops(18.3%),22 vegetables(including melons,36.7%),13 ancient and unique local fruit tree varieties(21.7%),12 wild closely related crop resources(20.0%),and 2 economic crops(3.3%).At present,crops such as small mouth jujube,Damiao pear,Hejingping green radish,Wujiawan red radish,Jiudui red garlic shared planting area over 1000 Mu,Jingyuan lantern chili pepper,Hongshao potato shared planting area over 100 Mu,whereas the remaining 53 crops were scattered and showed a very small population size.The species,distribution,and survival status of rare,famous,and special crop germplasm resources in Jingyuan County were analyzed as well.