苹果矮化砧木M9T337组培快繁技术研究

Study on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation Techniques of Apple Dwarf Rootstock M9T337

矮化栽培是苹果栽培现代化发展的趋势,应用矮化砧木是实现苹果矮化栽培、标准化管理的主要途径。为完善和优化苹果矮化砧木组培繁殖再生体系,以苹果矮化砧木M9T337为试验材料,分别用75%酒精和1 g/kg升汞进行消毒处理,以筛选外植体最佳消毒方案;以M9T337单芽茎段为材料,研究不同培养基配方组合对组培苗污染率、增殖系数、株高、长势、生根个数和生根率等指标的影响。结果表明,最适合外植体消毒的方法为75%酒精30 s+1 g/kg升汞9 min,最佳M9T337初代培养基、继代培养基和生根培养基配方分别为MS+6-BA 0.8 mg/L+NAA 0.4 mg/L、MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L和1/3MS+IBA 0.1 mg/L。本试验建立了苹果矮化砧木M9T337高效离体快繁技术体系,筛选出了适宜于M9T337最佳扩繁、生根培养基。

Dwarfing cultivation is the developmental trend of modern apple production.Promotion and application of dwarfing rootstock is the main way to realize apple dwarfing cultivation,standardized management for apple production.To improve and optimize the tissue culture and regeneration system of apple dwarf rootstocks,in this study,apple dwarfing rootstock M9T337 was used to screen the best disinfection plan for explants using 75%ethanol and 1 g/kg mercuric chloride,respectively.M9T337 stem-segment with single bud was used to study the effects of different culture-medium combinations on the pollution rate,multiplication coefficient,plant height,growth,rooting number,and rooting rate of tissue culture seedlings.The results showed that 75%ethanol for 30 s+1 g/kg mercuric chloride for 9 min had the best disinfection effect.The optimal formulations of primary medium,secondary medium and rooting medium were MS+6-BA 0.8 mg/L+NAA 0.4 mg/L,MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L and 1/3MS+IBA 0.1 mg/L,respectively.In this experiment,the efficient in vitro rapid propagation technology system of apple dwarf rootstock M9T337 was established,and the best propagation and rooting medium suitable for M9T337 were selected as well.