不同氮磷肥施用量对夏播饲用燕麦生长的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application Rates on the Growth of Summer-sown Forage Oats

为探讨不同氮磷配施肥量对陇东地区饲用燕麦生产性能的影响,选择早熟燕麦品种边锋和中熟燕麦品种梦龙为试验材料,设6个氮磷混合施肥量处理,分别为0(CK)、75、150、225、300、375 kg/hm^(2),研究了不同施肥量处理对2个夏播饲用燕麦农艺性状、草产量及抗寒生理指标的影响。结果表明,不同氮磷施量下饲用燕麦的出苗率、株高、分蘖数、干草产量和抗寒生理指标较对照不施肥均有提高;早熟品种边锋和中熟品种梦龙均以氮磷混合施肥量为300 kg/hm^(2)(N 91.50 kg/hm^(2)+P2O563.00 kg/hm^(2))时效果较好,此时出苗率和分蘖数较多,可溶性糖含量和脯氨酸含量显著增加,草产量达最大值,鲜草产量分别为14356.29、14464.28 kg/hm^(2),较对照不施肥分别增产71.7%、93.5%;干草产量分别为4850.00、4633.33 kg/hm^(2),比对照不施肥分别增产74.3%、82.9%。在陇东地区夏播情况下,氮磷混合不同施肥量对提高燕麦生物量和改善生理指标都有显著作用,早熟品种边锋和中熟品种梦龙均以氮磷混合施肥量为300 kg/hm^(2)(N 91.50 kg/hm^(2)+P2O563.00 kg/hm^(2))时效果最好。因此认为,陇东地区夏播饲用燕麦生产以施N 91.50 kg/hm^(2)、P2O563.00 kg/hm^(2)为最佳氮磷施量。

In order to explore the effect of different fertilizer rates on the production performance of forage oats in Longdong area,the early-maturing variety Bianfeng and the medium-maturing variety Menglong were selected as materials,and 6 nitrogen and phosphorus mixed fertilization amounts were set as 0(CK),75 kg/ha,150 kg/ha,225 kg/ha,300 kg/ha,and 375 kg/ha,respectively.The effect of different fertilizer amounts on the agronomic traits,forage yield and cold resistance of two summer-sowing oats were studied.The results showed that the emergence rate,plant height,tillering number,hay yield and cold resistance of forage oats were improved by different application rates when compared with the CK.The early-maturing variety Bianfeng and the medium-maturing variety Menglong both showed a better response to 300 kg/ha fertilizer application rate(N 91.50 kg/ha plus P2O563.00 kg/ha),which showed better emergence rate and higher tiller number,the content of soluble sugar and proline were increased significantly.The forage yield peaked under this treatment with fresh yields reaching 14356.29 and 14464.28 kg/ha,respectively,which was 71.7%and 93.5%higher than that of the CK,respectively,whereas the hay yields were 4850.00 and 4633.33 kg/ha,respectively,which were 74.3%and 82.9%higher than those of the CK,respectively.Therefore,in the case of summer sowing in Longdong area,nitrogen and phosphorus mixed with different fertilization rates had a significant effect on improving oat biomass and cold resistance.The early-maturing variety Bianfeng and the medium-maturing variety Menglong performed the best at 300 kg/ha(N 91.50 kg/ha plus P2O563.00 kg/ha).Therefore,N 91.50 kg/ha plus P2O563.00 kg/ha is the best fertilization mode for summer-sown forage oat in Longdong area.