老年髋部骨折患者衰弱评估工具的范围综述

Frailty assessment tools for elderly patients with hip fracture

目的 总结国内外已应用于老年髋部骨折患者的衰弱评估工具,了解目前工具选择及使用现状,为老年髋部骨折患者衰弱评估工具的选择提供参考依据。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台共6个中英文数据库,时间为自建库至2023年5月,由2名研究者独立筛选文献并提取文献的基本特征(第一作者、发表年份、国家、样本量、研究目的、研究类型和结局指标)及涉及的衰弱评估工具基本特点(名称、研究类型、量表维度、量表条目、评估时间等)。结果 初步检索到1 769篇文献,最终纳入16篇,包含9种衰弱评价工具。分析结果显示,衰弱评估工具的种类繁多,涵盖内容各异。在不同的研究中,研究者使用工具种类不同。结论 对于老年髋部骨折患者而言,虽然大多数衰弱评估工具在预测一系列不良结局方面表现优异,但迄今为止,尚无全球公认的术后不良事件风险识别的金标准。

Objective To summarize the frailty assessment tools for elderly patients with hip fracture at home and abroad,understand the current status of tool selection and application,and provide reference for choosing frailty assessment tools for elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods Computer retrieval was conducted in 6 English and Chinese databases including PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and WanFang Data from the inception to May 2023.Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the basic characteristics of literature(first author,publication time,country,sample size,research type and outcome indicators) and basic features of involved frailty assessment tools(name,research objectives,research type,scale dimensions,scale items,assessment time,etc.).Results A total of 1,769 articles were initially retrieved,and 16 articles were finally included,involving 9 frailty assessment tools.The analysis showed that there were various frailty assessment tools covering different contents.Different tools were used in different studies.Conclusion For elderly patients with hip fracture,although most frailty assessment tools perform well in predicting a series of adverse outcomes,so far there is no globally recognized golden standard for identifying the risk of postoperative adverse events.