国外捐献器官获取质量管理与控制进展

Progress in quality management and control of donor organ procurement in foreign countries

器官移植是二十世纪以来有效挽救终末期器官衰竭患者生命的一项突破性技术,显著改善了患者生存质量。器官捐献作为器官移植的重要来源,提升捐献器官获取质量是促进捐献器官转化、改善器官移植预后的关键。美国、西班牙等国家在捐献器官获取质量管理与控制方面提出了系列政策和标准,并取得了积极成果。本文通过探讨医疗质量管理与控制有关概念、国际捐献器官获取质量管理先进策略及模式,研究器官获取组织、捐献者、捐献器官质控举措,以期为形成具有“中国特色”的捐献器官获取质量管理与控制体系、推进捐献器官获取高速度高质量发展提供参考。

Since the 20th century,organ transplantation has become a breakthrough technology to effectively save the lives of patients with end-stage organ failure,which has significantly enhanced the quality of life of patients.Organ donation is an important source of organ transplantation.Improving the quality of donor organ procurement is the key to promote the translation of donor organs and improve the prognosis of organ transplantation recipients.The United States,Spain and other countries have put forward a series of policies and standards in the quality management and control of donor organ procurement and achieved positive results.In this article,related concepts of medical quality management and control,advanced strategies and models of international donor organ procurement quality management,and quality control measures of Organ Procurement Organization,donors and donor organs were reviewed,aiming to provide reference for establishing a quality management and control system of donor organs with"Chinese characteristics"and advancing highspeed and high-quality development of donor organ procurement.