基于mtDNA COⅠ基因对榕属植物上粉蚧的分子鉴定和系统发育分析

Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of mealybug species in Ficus spp.based on mitochondrial COⅠ gene

【目的】榕属植物是我国华南地区普遍种植的园林植物,本研究旨在明确榕属植物上发生危害的粉蚧种类。【方法】测定榕属植物上发生为害的9种粉蚧的COⅠ基因序列,利用生物信息学软件分析其序列同源性、遗传结构及系统进化关系。【结果】测出38条粉蚧的COⅠ基因序列相似度达到99.25%~100.00%,9种粉蚧的种间遗传距离为0.070~0.173,其中堆蜡粉蚧与菠萝灰粉蚧遗传距离最大,而康氏粉蚧与橘小粉蚧遗传距离最小,说明康氏粉蚧与橘小粉蚧亲缘关系较近。构建的系统发育树中,每种粉蚧与GenB ank数据库下载的已知序列聚在一支,系统发育树结果与形态学鉴定结果一致。【结论】线粒体COⅠ基因序列能够快速准确鉴定榕属植物上的粉蚧,也揭示了榕属植物上粉蚧的遗传结构和系统进化关系,为农林业监测和精准防治粉蚧类害虫提供科学依据。

【Aim】Ficus spp.are commonly planted garden plants in the South China.The aim is to identify the species of mealybugs in Ficus spp.【Method】The COⅠgene sequences of 9 species of mealybugs in Ficus spp.were amplified,and their sequence homology,genetic structure,and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed using bioinformatics software.【Result】The similarity of 38 sequences of mitochondrial COⅠ gene reached 99.25%-100.00%,and the interspecific genetic distance of 9 mealybugs was 0.070-0.173.Nipaecoccus viridis and Dysmicoccus brevipes had the highest genetic distance,while Pseudococcus comstocki and Pseudococcus cryptus was the smallest,which indicated that Pseudococcus comstocki and Pseudococcus cryptus were highly closely related.The phylogenetic tree was constructed with each mealybug clustered together using known mealybug sequences downloaded separately from the GenBank database.The results of molecular identification were found to be the same as those of morphological identification.【Conclusion】The mitochondrial COⅠ gene could rapidly and accurately identify mealybugs in Ficus spp.and reveal the genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship of mealybugs.It provided a scientific basis for the monitoring,prevention,and precise control of mealybugs in agriculture and forestry.