当代文艺思潮的“后人文主义”转向——从“人性”到“物性”的流变研究

“Post-Humanism”Turn in the Contemporary Literature and Art Theory:A Study of the Shift from“Human Nature”to“Thingness”

当代中国文艺理论肇始于对“人学”问题的思考,伴随着这一问题而出现的“人性”“新启蒙”等概念,标志着人文主义理论思潮的形成。但在20世纪90年代中后期,随着一些源自西方的诸如身体、事件论、思辨实在论以及物性论等新概念的翻译和引介,当代中国文艺思潮中的人文主义逐渐为后人文主义所取代。如果从文艺理论演绎的内在逻辑来看,从人文主义到后人文主义的转变,也可视为从人与物主客二元对立的建构论(语言论),转向人与物交融互通的物性论(反语言论),并为当代中国文艺理论的新变提供契机与可能性。

Contemporary Chinese literature and art theory started from the reflection on the issue of“human studies”.During this process,concepts of“human nature”and“new enlightenment”gained momentum,which marked the formation of humanistic theoretical trend.However,in the middle and late 1990s,with the translation and introduction of some new concepts from the West,such as theory of the body,theory of events,speculative realism and thingness,humanism in contemporary Chinese literary and artistic thought was gradually replaced by post-humanism.From the perspective of the internal logic of literary theory deduction,the shift from humanism to post-humanism can also be seen as the shift from the constructivism of subject and object dualism between humanity and object(linguistic theory)to the materiality theory of human and object integration and intercommunication(anti-linguistic theory),which provides opportunities and possibilities for a new round of transformation of contemporary Chinese literature and art theory.