体育案例研究的学理基础、基本要素与中国探索

Academic Foundation,Basic Elements and China Exploration in Sports Case Studies

案例研究是知识生产与理论建构的重要科学途径。相较管理学等相关学科的案例研究,体育学科兼具人文社会科学和自然科学的交叉性,为丰富体育案例的研究对象、分析内容及举证方式提供了学理基础。从案例实践到理论构建的转换过程,可基于发现独特案例,在已有体育知识基础上进行体育知识生产;也可直面已有体育知识局限,以独特案例为载体,进行体育知识生产。从学理层面分析,体育案例研究应以独特实践为主要来源,以发现问题为主要驱动,以服务教学为主要诉求,以规范流程为主要保障及以学科交叉为主要特征夯实学理基础。在此基础上,形成了具有体育学学科特色和体育实践特点的学科内涵、研究对象、基本范式、研究过程、研究工具等体育案例研究基本要素。从实践探索视角,未来开展中国特色体育案例研究,应以提出体育实践的“真问题”为导向开展研究选题,以挖掘体育实践的“真素材”为手段进行研究论证,以进入体育实践的“真情境”为途径实施研究过程,及以提炼中国体育的“真理论”为目标彰显其研究价值。

Case studies are an important scientific approach for knowledge production and theoretical construction.Compared to case studies in related sciences such as management,sport science combines the intersection of humanities and social sciences and natural sciences,providing a theoretical basis for enriching the research objects,analysis content,and evidence generation of sports cases studies.In the process of transitioning from case practice to theoretical construction,sports knowledge can be produced based on existing sports knowledge by unique cases being discovered.It is also possible to face the limitations of existing sports knowledge and produce sports knowledge by unique cases as carriers.From a theoretical perspective,sports case studies should focus on unique practices as the main source,problem discovery as the main driving force,serving teaching as the main demand,standardized processes as the main guarantee,and interdisciplinary intersection as the main feature to solidify the theoretical foundation.On this basis,basic elements of sports case studies,including disciplinary connotations,research objects,basic paradigms,research processes,and research tools,have been formed with the characteristics of sports science and sports practice.From the perspective of practical exploration,future case studies on sports with Chinese characteristics should be guided by proposing‘real problems’in sports practice,conducting research topics through exploring‘real materials’of sports practice,implementing research processes through entering the‘practical realm’of sports practice,and demonstrating research value with the goal of extracting the‘real theory’of Chinese sports.