间充质干细胞产品及其外泌体在炎症性肠病治疗中的研究进展

Research progress on mesenchymal stem cell products and their exosomes in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)发病机制不明,特征为进行性和终身复发性消化道炎症反应。尽管现阶段新的治疗药物和策略不断涌现,但治疗作用局限于单一的抗炎功能,在复杂黏膜免疫环境下易出现耐药导致治疗失败。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)能定向归巢到结肠炎症部位,具有强大的免疫调节能力,可重塑肠道免疫环境和修复上皮屏障,为药物难治性患者的治疗提供了极具潜力的替代方案。本文对MSCs产品及其衍生的外泌体在临床上的应用、作用机制和工程化进行综述,以期为MSCs及其外泌体产品用于IBD的治疗提供参考。

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),whose pathogenesis remains elusive,is a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic,progressive,and lifelong inflammation of the digestive tract.The pathogenesis of IBD remains elusive.Although a number of drugs have been developed to treat IBD,their effects are merely anti-inflammatory.In addition,current treatments for IBD are easily susceptible to resistance in clinical practice.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been reported to have the ability to migrate to the site of inflammation,with potent immunoregulatory effects,and to rebalance the immune microenvironment and restore the integrity of the epithelial barrier with significant value of application,particularly for patients who are refractory to classic medicines.In this paper,we reviewed the clinical applications,mechanisms and engineerable properties of MSC products and their exosomes to provide some reference for the use of MSCs and their exosomes in the treatment of IBD.